Текст / Биография (на англ.) - страница 8

Peter can cling to most surfaces, has superhuman strength (able to lift is now an average of 20 tons), and has dexterity, agility exceeding the average person about 18 times. Combinations of jumps and throwing the web allow it to quickly move from place to place. His flair spider serve as a kind of early warning system associated with his superhuman kinetics, which allows it to evade most of the applied strokes, unless he deliberately does not want to dodge. Recently, his abilities were reinforced by the intervention of the Black Queen, which has contributed to the inclusion of a strong mental balance with the environment, in particular insects and arachnids. Now Peter can generate organic spider web from his wrists, which is limited only by the health of his body and the need for food. Various cancer on his hands can produce various types of web from the elastic strands to the sticky network or cocoon. Also it is necessary to take into account the fact that the artificial cobwebs that Peter used the first, broke in two hours, while the organic web can be more durable (depending on the thickness and type of the web). So durable that the web strands can not decay during the week, and the cocoons of the web can last for months or even more. The newly acquired abilities, emerged after his death and rebirth as a result of combat Morlanom include night vision, increased sensory perception through, allowing it to feel the vibrations of the web, as well as two stings, pulled out of his arms. He can also use hair on his body to detect minute changes in air flow. Adhesive ability of his skin, concentrated mainly on his palms and soles of the feet, are now greatly enhanced and are located throughout his body, and even the face (which is very effectively used to prevent unwanted removal of the mask).

Mikhail Lomonosov (19.11 (08.11. O. S.) 1835 - 15.04.(04.04. O. S.) 1765) - Russian poet and scientist.

Lomonosov was the son of a poor fisherman. At the age of 10 he too took up that line of work. When the few books he was able to obtain could no longer satisfy his growing thirst for knowledge, in December 1730, he left his native village, penniless and on foot, for Moscow. His ambition was to educate himself to join the learned men on whom the tsar Peter I the Great was calling to transform Russia into a modern nation.

The clergy and the nobility, attached to their privileges and fearing the spread of education and science, actively opposed the reforms of which Lomonosov was a lifelong champion. His bitter struggle began as soon as he arrived in Moscow. In order to be admitted to the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy he had to conceal his humble origin; the sons of nobles jeered at him, and he had scarcely enough money for food and clothes. But his robust health and exceptional intelligence enabled him in five years to assimilate the eight-year course of study; during this time he taught himself Greek and read the philosophical works of antiquity.

Noticed at last by his instructors, in January 1736 Lomonosov became a student at the St. Petersburg Academy. Seven months later he left for Germany to study at the University of Marburg, where he led the turbulent life of the German student. His work did not suffer, however, for within three years he had surveyed the main achievements of Western philosophy and science. His mind, freed from all preconception, rebelled at the narrowness of the empiricism in which the disciples of Isaac Newton had bound the natural sciences; in dissertations sent to St. Petersburg, he attacked the problem of the structure of matter.

In 1739, in Freiberg, Lomonosov studied firsthand the technologies of mining, metallurgy, and glassmaking. Also friendly with the poets of the time, he freely indulged the love of verse that had arisen during his childhood with the reading of Psalms. The "Ode," dedicated to the Empress, and the Pismo o pravilakh rossiyskogo stikhotvorstva ("Letter Concerning the Rules of Russian Versification") made a considerable impression at court.

After breaking with one of his masters, the chemist Johann Henckel, and many other mishaps, among which his marriage at Marburg must be included, Lomonosov returned in July 1741 to St. Petersburg. The Academy, which was directed by foreigners and incompetent nobles, gave the young scholar no precise assignment, and the injustice aroused him. His violent temper and great strength sometimes led him to go beyond the rules of propriety, and in May 1743 he was placed under arrest. Two odes sent to the empress Elizabeth won him his liberation in January 1744, as well as a certain poetic prestige at the Academy.

While in prison he worked out the plan of work that he had already developed in Marburg. The 276 zametok po fizike i korpuskulyarnoy filosofi ("276 Notes on Corpuscular Philosophy and Physics") set forth the dominant ideas of his scientific work. Appointed a professor by the Academy in 1745, he translated Christian Wolff’s Institutiones philosophiae experimentalis ("Studies in Experimental Philosophy") into Russian and wrote, in Latin, important works on the Meditationes de Caloris et Frigoris Causa (1747; "Cause of Heat and Cold"), the Tentamen Theoriae de vi Aлris Elastica (1748; "Elastic Force of Air"), and the Theoria Electricitatis (1756; "Theory of Electricity"). His friend, the celebrated German mathematician Leonhard Euler, recognized the creative originality of his articles, which were, on Euler’s advice, published by the Russian Academy in the Novye kommentari.

Nusha (Anna Shurochkina) is a Russian pop singer. She was born on 15 August 1990 in Moscow. Her father, Vladimir Shurochkin, at the time, was the participant of group "Tender May" (Laskoviy May). Mother, Irina Shurochkina, was also a musical person in youth, she performed in a rock band. Parents divorced when Anna was two years old. Later, the new wife of Vladimir Shurochkin became a sportswoman Oksana, by name. Relationships with her stepmother were good, the family travelled together a lot. At the age of five Anna recorded the track "Song of the great bear" and she loved it very much. As she recalls these feelings were one of the brightest in her life. At the age of 8, Anna began to take lessons in solfeggio, she studied with her teacher for six years. Now she plays the piano, but thinks not well enough. In addition to music, in the childhood, the future singer was interested in sports, studied Thai Boxing, gymnastics. At the age of 11 Anna, along with the band "Grizzly Bear" toured throughout Germany and Russia. During these tours Anya studied English, trying to improve it when dealing with foreigners.

Нюша (Анна Шурочкина) - Российская поп-певица. Она родилась 15 августа 1990 года в Москве. Ее отец, Владимир Shurochkin, в то время был участником группы "Ласковый май" (Ласковый Mай). Мать, Ирина Шурочкина, также был музыкальной личностью. В молодости она выступала в рок-группе. Родители развелись, когда Анне было два года. Позже, новой женой Владимира Шурочкина стала спортсменка (Оксана) Отношения с мачехой были хорошие, семья много путешествовала вместе. В возрасте пяти лет Анна записала трек "Песня Большой Медведицы" и она его очень полюбила. Как она вспоминает, эти ощущения были одними из самых ярких в ее жизни. В возрасте 8 лет, Анна начала брать уроки сольфеджио, училась со своим учителем в течение шести лет. Сейчас она играет на пианино, но думает, что не достаточно хорошо. В дополнение к музыке, в детстве будущая певица увлекалась спортом, занималась тайским боксом, гимнастикой. В возрасте 11 лет Анна вместе с группой "Гризли" гастролировала по Германии и России. Во время этих поездок Аня изучала английский, пытаясь улучшить его при общении с иностранцами.

Boris Godunov was born in 1552. According to legend, descended from Tatar Godunov Prince Chet, who came to Russia in the time of Ivan Kalita. This legend is recorded in the annals of the early 17th century. As sovereign rodoslovtsu 1555 Godunovs (as Saburovy, Sonya) were derived from Dmitry grains. He was, apparently, Kostroma patrimonial. Despite the validity of this point of view it is not excluded that some grain of truth contained in the legend about Chet. It is no accident that the founders of the individual branches of the descendants of Chet bore the names of Tatar origin (Sabur, Guodong). Father BF Godunov died in the late 60s. Son became oprichnik. He was married to the daughter of the king’s favorite, [en] Malyuta Skuratov. Since the beginning of 1570s. It began the rise of Godunov. Sam Boris Fedorovich, although became a boyar in September 1580, but in the circle of close people Tsar Ivan the Terrible was not yet come. At least, at the wedding of the king with Maria Nude (November 1580), it was established to be a "best man" queen. But revealing the increased role of the family: at the wedding attended by a clan Godunov. They slowly but steadily climbed the ladder: in the late 1570s - early 1580s. they won several parochial affairs, finding quite a strong position among the Moscow nobility. Boris Godunov was clever and cautious, trying from time to time to stay in the shade. His sister Irene was married the king’s son, Theodore. Rise Godunov - the fruit of a historical accident, and at the same time a manifestation of the general laws of self-development of Russian society. So Boris would remain in the history of one of the many Godunov if November 9, 1581 in the Alexander settlement is not the king had a quarrel with his son Ivan. Terrible hit his stick and hit in the head, and ten days later (19 November) the prince died. With the death of [en] Ivan Fedor he became heir to the throne. Until 1584 Boris Godunov was not close to the king. However, some of the actions and intentions of Grozny radically affected the interests of Godunov, especially Boris: the king wanted to marry Mary Hastings, a relative of Queen Elizabeth and dilute with childless Fedor Irina Godunov. In the last year of life of the king Boris Godunov gained great influence at court. Together with BJ Belsky he became one of the closest people of Ivan the Terrible. It is not entirely clear role in the history of Godunov’s death of the king. March 18, 1584 Grozny, according to D. Gorseya, was "strangled". It is possible that against the king was a plot. However, anthropologist MM Gerasimov, who studied the remains of the king, rejected the version of strangulation. In any case, it Godunov and Belsky were with the king in the last minutes of his life, they are the same people from the porch announced the death of the sovereign.

Domracheva started her sports career with cross-country skiing in 1992 but switched to biathlon in 1999. She originally represented Russia at youth level but received an offer to switch to Belarus in 2004.[2] She joined Belarus’ national biathlon team in 2006 (made her junior team debut in 2005). Domracheva won sprint and pursuit at the 2005 IBU Youth and Junior World Championships in Kontiolahti (Finland). She finished 40th in the individual race (the diopter fell off, and she missed 5 targets at the third shooting stage.)Domracheva took 3rd place in the pursuit and 4th place in the individual events at the 2006 Junior World Championships in Presque Isle, Maine. In 2007 she picked up two silver medals in sprint and pursuit at the Junior World Championships in Martell, Italy. Her breakthrough came during the 2008/2009 season when she earned two third places and one second place. At the 2010 Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver, she won the bronze medal in the Women’s 15-kilometer individual race at the Whistler Olympic Park venue. Later in the same season, on 13 March, she won her first World Cup race in the sprint in Kontiolahti, Finland. The next day she also won the pursuit. Domracheva was named Belarus’ Female Athlete of the Year in 2010, and was also given the title of Honoured Master of Sport that year. In 2014 Domracheva was given the Hero of Belarus medal, after was a won three gold medals at the 2014 Winter Olympics. In August 2015, Domracheva was decided that will miss 2015–16 World Cup season due to mononucleosis which was diagnosed in July. She is coached by former World Champion and Olympic medallist Klaus Siebert.

Alexander Sergueevich Griboyedoff, was a Russian diplomat, playwright, poet, and composer. He is recognized as homo unius libri, a writer of one book, whose fame rests on the verse comedy Woe from Wit or The Woes of Wit. He was Russia’s ambassador to Qaja Persia. Born in Moscow, Griboyedov studied at Moscow University from 1810 to 1812. He then obtained a commission in a hussar regiment, which he resigned in 1816. The next year, he entered the civil service. In 1818 he was appointed secretary of the Russian legation in Persia, and transferred to Georgia.

GRIBOEDOV, ALEXANDER SERGEYEVICH
(1795–1829), dramatist and diplomat.
Alexander Griboedov is best known as the author of Woe from Wit (Gore ot uma ). The first Russian comedy of manners, the play was written in 1823, but not published until 1833 because of censorship.
Born in Moscow as the son of a military officer, Griboedov showed talent at an early age in a number of areas. He was admitted to Moscow University at the age of eleven. By the age of sixteen he had graduated in literature, law, mathematics, and natural sciences. He also had a gift for music. The Napoleonic invasion prevented him from pursuing a doctorate. He served in the military from 1812 to 1816. After the war he entered the civil service in the ministry of foreign affairs. In 1818 he was sent to Persia (Iran) as secretary to the Russian mission. There Griboedov added Arabic and Persian to the long list of foreign languages he had mastered (French, German, Italian, and English). In 1821 he transferred to service in the Caucasus, but took a leave of absence in St. Petersburg and Moscow from February 1823 to May 1825 to write Woe from Wit. Although Griboedov was back in the Caucasus by December of 1825, he was nevertheless summoned under arrest for his alleged involvement in the abortive Decembrist uprising of that time. After extensive interrogations, however, he was cleared of suspicion and returned to his diplomatic post. Griboedov negotiated the peace treaty of 1828 that ended the Russo-Persian War. As a reward for his wits, he was appointed Russian minister in Tehran in 1828, where—in ironic mockery of his own play’s title—he was murdered in January 1829 by religious fanatics who attacked the Russian embassy. The twentieth-century novelist Yuri Tynianov wrote about Griboedov’s death in Death and Diplomacy in Persia (1938).
Woe from Wit, composed in rhymed verse, is a seminal work in Russian culture. Many lines from the play have entered everyday Russian speech as quotations or aphorisms. Its hero, Chatsky, is the prototype of the so-called superfluous man, who criticizes social and political conditions in his country but does nothing to bring about a change. In addition to the gap between generations, the concept of service is a key theme. In a monolithic country with minimal private enterprise, a man’s career choices were either civil or military. Griboedov mocks as shallow and morally irresponsible the character Famusov, who says in the play: "For me, whether it is business matters or not, my custom is, once it’s signed, the burden is off my shoulders." As for military service, the hero Chatsky prefers to serve the cause and not specific personalities. He says to Famusov: "I should be pleased to serve, but worming oneself into one’s favor is sickening" (Sluzhit’ by rad, prisluzhivat’sia toshno). Famusov rejects such serious loyalty to a higher cause, reminiscing fondly of his uncle who stumbled and hurt himself while in court. When Catherine the Great showed amusement, the uncle deliberately fell again as a way to please her. Here Griboedov appears to counter the poet Gavryl Romanovich Derzhavin’s ode to Catherine ("Felitsa"), written in 1789, in which Catherine is praised as someone who treats subordinates respectfully. The play contains an extensive gallery of satirical portraits that continue to hold relevance to contemporary audiences in Russia and around the world.

Lionel Messi was born in Rosario (Argentina). Leo was born in an ordinary family: his father worked in a steel plant, and his mother - a cleaner. Whole family had 4 children: Rodrigo and Matias - older brothers Leo, his sister Maria Sol himself Lionel. V 1995 Messi went on to play professional club «Newell’s Old Boys», where he became a true leader komandy. Tam his scouts noticed the ubiquitous River Plait and Messi started in two teams. In 16 years, Leo began to attract to the games for the team "B" Barcelona play in Segunda (Spanish second division). October 17th, 2004 Lionel Messi debuted in Barcelona’s first team in the match against Espanyol. May 1, 2005 in the match against Albacete Messi scored his first goal of the Summit, which made him the youngest player of Barcelona, ​​scored a goal in an official match, he was 17 years, 10 months and 7 days. In 2004, Messi received an invitation to play for Spain, but dismissed it. In June 2004, Lionel Messi made his debut in a match for the youth team of Argentina in a friendly match against Paragvaya. Pered season 2008/2009 Lionel Messi changed his old number 19 on the new ten. This room has got Messi departed from Milan in the Italian Ronaldinho. For a long time, Lionel Messi was in the shadow of his partner in Barcelona - Brazilian Ronaldinho, and after he left the game Argentine shone with new colors. In Barcelona, ​​Josep Guardiola Messi is the leader and key ispolnitelem.1 October 2010 Lionel Messi was awarded the "Golden Boot" as the best sniper of the European National Championships, which finished the season 2009-2010 with 34 counts goals scored Lionel Messi happy in "Bars" and He is going to go to another club, as evidenced by signed contract until 2016.

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Russian writer, philosopher. Born in Yasnaya Polyana, Tula province, in a rich aristocratic family. He entered the Kazan University, but then left it. At 23 years of age went to war with Chechnya and Dagestan. Here he began to write the trilogy "Childhood", "Adolescence", "Youth". In the Caucasus, participated in military actions, being an artillery officer. During the Crimean war, went to Sebastopol, where he continued to fight. After the war he went to St. Petersburg and in the journal "Sovremennik" published "Sevastopol stories", which vividly reflected his outstanding writing talent. In 1857 he set off for a trip to Europe, which had disappointed him. From 1853 to 1863 wrote the novel "the Cossacks", and then decided to interrupt her literary career and become a landowner-a landowner, engaged in educational work in the village. With this purpose, went to Yasnaya Polyana, where he opened a school for peasant children and have created our own system of pedagogy. In 1863-1869 he wrote his fundamental work "War and peace". In 1873-1877, he wrote the novel "Anna Karenina". During these years fully formed worldview of the writer known as "tolstoyism", the essence of which is seen in the works: "Confessions", "what is my faith?", "Kreutzer Sonata". The doctrine set out in philosophical and religious works "the Study of dogmatic theology", "the Connection and translation of the four Gospels", where the emphasis is on the moral perfection of a person, exposing evil, non-resistance to evil by violence. Later, he published a series: drama "the Power of darkness" and the Comedy "the Fruits of enlightenment", then a series of stories-parables about the laws of life. From all over the world to Yasnaya Polyana attracted the admirers of the writer, whom they came to regard as a spiritual mentor. In 1899 he published the novel "Resurrection". The writer’s last works — the stories "Father Sergius" and "After the ball", "Posthumous notes of the elder Fyodor Kuzmich" and the drama "the Living corpse". Confessional journalism Tolstoy gives a detailed presentation about his mental drama: drawing a picture of social inequality and idleness educated, Thick in the rigid form put before the public questions of the meaning of life and faith, criticized all institutions of government, reaching up to denial of science, art, court, marriage, achievements of civilization. Social Declaration Tolstoy relies on the notion of Christianity as a doctrine about moral and ethical ideas of Christianity comprehended them in a humanistic way, as the basis of a universal brotherhood of people. In 1901, followed by reaction of the Synod: world-famous writer was formally excommunicated, which caused a huge public outcry. On 28 October 1910 Tolstoy from the family secretly left Yasnaya Polyana, on the way fell ill and was forced to get off the train at the small railway station of Astapovo, it was a part of the Ural railway. Here, in the house of the station he spent the last seven days of his life.

James Trevor "Jamie" Oliver (born 27 May 1975) is a English celebrity chef, restaurateur, and media personality known for his food-focused television shows, cookbooks and more recently his global campaign for better food education. 
Oliver was born and raised in the village of Clavering. His parents run a pub/restaurant, The Cricketers, where he practiced cooking in the kitchen with his parents. He was educated at Newport Free Grammar School. Oliver left school at age sixteen with two GCSE qualifications in Art and Geology and went on to attend Westminster Technical College now Westminster Kingsway College. He then earned a City & Guilds National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) in home economics.

Джордж Вашингтон был первым президентом в США.  Он родился 22 февраля 1732 года в штате Верджиния.  Американцы часто называют этого человека "отцом своей страны". Прежде чем стать президентом он бал главнокомандующим Континентальной армии.  Этот выдающийся человек родился в богатой семье.  Его семья владела табачными плантациями и имела рабов.  Он умер в возрасте 67 лет.